Use of Applied Behavior Analysis to Support Language...

Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) is the science in which tactics derived from the principles of behavior are applied systematically to improve socially significant behavior and experimentation is used to identify the variables responsible for behavior change. The definition of ABA includes six key components. The first component is the practice of applied behavior analysis is guided by the attitudes and methods of science inquiry. Second, all behavior change procedures are described and implemented in a systematic, technological manner. Third, not any means of changing behavior qualifies as applied behavior analysis: Only those procedures conceptually derived from the basic principles of behavior are circumscribed by the field. Fourth,†¦show more content†¦People with autism have issues with non-verbal communication, a wide range of social interactions, and activities that include play. (What is Autism? What Causes Autism?) The characteristics of autism include relativ e strengths in visual processing and relative deficits in auditory processing. Students with autism typically have difficulties with communication and social relatedness. The lack of efficient communication skills combined with an inadequate behavioral repertoire can cause problem behaviors. (Scott, 2000) Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) affects one out of every 88 children in the United States. It occurs more often among boys than girls. Autism appears to be on the rise and it is unclear whether the growing number of diagnoses shows a real increase or improved detection. Early diagnosis is extremely important, and it can help a child with autism make significant gains in language and social skills. (Alli, N.D) With autism on the rise, there are many treatments and therapies available to help children with autism. Children with autism sometimes have a difficult time transitioning from one activity to the next, and many times children with autism display inappropriate behavior. Many interventions and studies are done to try to smooth this transition as well as the inappropriate behavior that might be seen during theShow MoreRelatedEssay on autism807 Words   |  4 Pages What is Autism? nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Autism is a developmental disability that affects all areas of behavior and perception. Approximately 10 out of every 10,000 children are diagnosed with autism and four out of five are males. Autism is the third most common developmental disability, more common than Down Syndrome. 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The East St. Louis Race Riots - 3170 Words

The East St. Louis Race Riots Chloe Turner Government, Mr. Wilson, Period 1 Abstract This paper explains a very important moment in the history of our government that took place in Illinois in 1917. As World War I was beginning for the United States things were heating up in East St. Louis, Illinois. Anti-black riots killed or injured over one hundred black civilians. Then a Silent Parade of over ten thousand black citizens from New York broke out. Civil rights have always been an issue in our government, and according to www.kidzworld.com, after these anti black riots, things eventually led to the development of the The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, and from that, Rosa Parks did not give up her seat on the bus. The creation of the NAACP also influenced the Little Rock, Arkansas incident, Martin L. King’s â€Å"I Have a Dream† Speech, and many other things which eventually led to equal rights for everyone with the Civil Rights Act of 1964. This paper will explain the riots and how it shaped our government into providin g equal jobs for all races. The East St. Louis Race Riots As stated in a YouTube video from Nine Network, St. Louis back in 1917 was a place of many jobs and it was often said that if you couldn’t find work anywhere in St. Louis then you wouldn’t be able to find work anywhere else. â€Å"When World War I cut off the flow of immigrants from Eastern Europe, companies went to the American SouthShow MoreRelatedRacial Violence, By Jacob Lawrence s Migration Series1203 Words   |  5 Pagesdepicts a painting a white man going after an African American with a weapon, while the African American is also going after someone with a weapon except he is going after a white man, who also has a weapon. This is a scene from one of the racial riots that went on after World War I. The white men were angry with the African Americans because they were taking the jobs of the white men, while the white men were going on strike. Along with that, African Americans were getting accused of sexual assaultRead MoreThe Gre at Crusade And The Postwar Depression1352 Words   |  6 PagesCrusade and the postwar depression, it only increased the tension between the races. There had been many other riots besides the East St. Louis riot. There were some in Chester, PA; Longview,TX; Coatesville,PA; Washington, D.C; and Norfolk VA, Until one day in July 1919 a shocking riot occurred that would mark the Chicagoans forever in history. First, before the riot in Chicago broke out the tension between the two races were raised to great levels. There were two gangs made up of white people, oneRead MoreThe Effects Of Positive And Negative Police Relations3762 Words   |  16 Pages An understanding of police-community relations is crucial because both positive and negative police relations can greatly impact policing. Positive or negative police-community relations can result from a variety of factors including cooperation, race issues, corruption, fear or assurance of police, and violence. When the community and police relations are positive, the police better understand the community’s needs and the community is more inclined to report crimes and aid the police. When communityRead MoreThe Riot At Christie Pits2796 Words   |  12 Pageshave today. One of these moments is the riot at Christie Pits. Although this riot was a huge incident, it was only the tip of the iceberg. It was the culmination of years of anti-Semitism in Toronto and racism, and was merely the climax of a much deeper problem. The 1930s in Canada saw a spike in anti-Semitism akin to nothing that has happened before and nothing that has happened after. There were Swastika clubs formed and youth wearing swastika badges in the east end of Toronto. In Quebec, there wasRead MoreThe American Civil War876 Words   |  4 PagesZinn makes involves these struggles: In these books, given to millions of young Americans, there is little on class struggle in the nineteenth century. The period before and after the Civil War is filled with politics, elections, slavery, and the race question. Even where specialized books on the Jacksonian period deal with labor and economic issues they center on the presidency, and thus perpetuates the traditional dependency on heroic leaders rather than people s struggles (216). Class struggleRead MoreRacism And Racism Essay1042 Words   |  5 Pagesare given from reports by The City of Detroit Commission on Community Relations which came out of the City of Detroit Mayor s Interracial Committee. The Interracial Committee was started by Mayor Edward Jeffries in 1943 as a result of the Detroit race riot of June, 1943. 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Unknown Lab Report free essay sample

Unknown #1 was found in a nearby pond that was created by an earthquake. Some of the various methods introduced and practiced in class were applied in identifying the microbe. Procedures were followed as stated in the index of the Virtual Unknown Software. First the shape and color of the microbe was noted. This is done to know the morphology of the microbe. After concluding that the microbe was Gram negative rods, it was inoculated into a previously prepared test tube. Then various tests were performed to isolate and identify the unknown microbe. Table 1 shows the tests, purpose, reagents and results of the various tests performed. Each test was performed according to the index of the Virtual Unknown software and the following tests were performed: 1) Adonitol Fermentation 2) Cellobiose Fermentation 3) Maltose Fermentation 4) Lactose Fermentation 5) Raffinose Fermentation 6) Sorbitol Fermentation 7) Sucrose Fermentation 8) Melibiose Fermentation 9) Indole Production Results Table 1: Biochemical Tests Results Test| Purpose| Reagents| Observations| Results| Adonitol Fermentation| To determine if the microbe can ferment the carbohydrate (sugar) adonitol as a carbon source. We will write a custom essay sample on Unknown Lab Report or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page | None| Turned pink| Negative adonitol test| Cellobiose Fermentation| To determine if the microbe can ferment the carbohydrate (sugar) cellobiose as a carbon source. | None| Turned Yellow| Positive cellobiose fermenter| Maltose Fermentation| To determine if the microbe can ferment the carbohydrate (sugar) maltose as a carbon source. None| Turned Yellow| Positive maltose fermenter| Lactose Fermentation| To determine if the microbe can ferment the carbohydrate (sugar) lactose as a carbon source. | None| Turned Pink| Negative lactose fermenter| Raffinose Fermentation| To determine whether the microbe can use sugar raffinose for carbon and energy. | None| Turned pink| Negative raffinose fermenter| Sorbitol Fermentation| To determine if the microbe can ferment the carbohydrate sorbitol as a carbon source. None| Turned yellow| Positive sorbitol fermentation| Sucrose Fermentation| To determine if the microbe can ferment the carbohydrate sucrose as a carbon source| None| Turned Pink| Negati ve sucrose fermenter| Melibiose Fermentation| To determine if the microbe can ferment the carbohydrate (sugar) melibiose as a carbon. | None| Turned Pink| Negative melibiose fermenter| Indole Production| To determine whether the microbe can produce indole from the amino acid tryptophan. | Add five to ten drops of Kovac’s reagent to the test tube. The reagent does not mix with water and forms a thin layer above the broth. The reagent reacts with idole to produce a cherry red ring. | Red ring at the top of broth| Positive indole test| Flowchart Unknown#1 Gram Stain Gram Negative Rod Adonitol Test (-) Positive Negative Klebsiella ornithinolyticaCitrobacter koseri Klebsiella oxytocaEnterobacteraergenes Klebsiella oxytocaEscherichia fergusonii Klebieslla pneumoniae sspKlebsiella ornithinolycia pneumoniaKlebsiella pneumonia Klebsiella oxytocassp ozaenae Klebsiella terrigenaKlebsiella pneumonia ssp Leclercia adecarboxlatarhinosclermatis Klebsiella terrigena Leclercia adecarboxylata Mollerlla wisconsinisis Providencia alcalifaciens Providencia rettgeri Serratia fonticola Serraria rubidea Cellobiose fermentation (+) Positive Negative Buttiauxella agrestis Edwardsiella hoshinae Enterbacter cloacae Edwardsiella ictaluri Enterbacter intermedius Edwardsiella tarda Enterbackter sakazakii Edwarsiella tarda Kluyvera ascorbata biogroup 1 Rahenlla aquatilis Escherichia blattae Escherichia coli Ewingella Americana Morganella morganii ssp morganii Morganella morganii ssp sibonii Proteus mirabilis Proteus myxofaciens Proteus penneri Proteus vulgaris Providencia rustigaianii Providencia stuartii Salmonella bongori Salmonella cholerasuis ssp arixonae Salmonella paratyphi A Salmonella typhi Serratia marcescens Serratia proteamaculans Shingella prtoeamaculans Shingella dysnteriae Shingella flexneri Shingella sonnei Tatumella ptyseos Yersinia pestis Yersina pseudotubercilosis Maltose Fermentation (+) PositiveNegative NoneNone Lactose Fermentation (-) Positive Negative Buttiauxella agresitsCitrobacter amalonaticus bigroup 1 Enterobacter cloacae Enterobacter amnigenus bigroup 1 Enterbacter intermedius Enterbacter vulneris Enternbacter sakazakii Serratia odonifera bigroup 1 Kluyvera ascorbata Serratia plymuthica Rahnella aquatillis Raffinose Fermination (-) PositiveNegative Citovacter amalonaticus biogroup 1Cedecea davisae Enterbacter amnigenus biogroup 1Cedecea lapagei Enterobacter gergoviaeEnterbacter cancerogenus Escherichia vulnerisEscherichia hemannii Serratia odorifera biogroup 1Hafrina alvei Serratia plymuthicaYersinia kristenernii Sorbitol fermentation (+) PositiveNegative Cedecea neteriCedecea davisae Serratia ficaria Cedeca lapagei Yersinia enterocolitca Enterobacter cancerogenus Yersinia frederiksenii Escherichia hermannii Hafnia alvei Yersinia kristensenii Sucrose fermentation (-) PositiveNegative Cedcea neteriEnterbacter amnigenus biogroup 2 Serratia ficariaSalmonella choerasuis ssp hotenae Yersinia enteroclitica Yersinia frederiksenii Melibiose Fermentation (-) PositiveNegative Enterbacter amnigenus biogroup 2Citrobacter freudii Salmonella cholerasuis ssp houtenaeCitrobacter amalonaticus Indole production (+) PositiveNegative Citrobacter amalonaticusCitrobacter freundii Discussion/Conclusion After conducting a variety of various tests, it was concluded that Unknown #1 was Citrobacter amalonaticus. Once the morphology of the microbe was identified, it was isolated and inoculated into a test tube. The nine tests performed on the microbe were done according to the index of the virtual unknown software and the results of each test correlated to the results anticipated. As a result, it was concluded that the unknown #1 microbe was Citrobacter amalonaticus. Citrobacter amalonaticus has a gram negative rod-shape. They can be found in the digestive system and are linked with digestive disorders such as diarrhea. They can also be present in the urinary tract and most commonly causes Urinary Tract Infections. Citrobacter amalonaticus is also known as an opportunist pathogen. Opportunist pathogens are pathogens that do not cause much damage to healthy individuals; however, it can cause very severe damage to those with a weakened immune system. Besides being found in the intestines of humans, Citrobacter amalonaticus is usually found in the ground (soil), in the air and in the intestines of animals such as bats. (1) Citrobacter amalonaticus also has some positive effects. It has the ability to recycle hydrogen. In addition it is capable of breaking down nitrates into nitrites in the nitrogen cycle. This process is commonly used in the biodegration industry. There tannic acid degrades into tanneries. (2) Citrobacter amalonaticus is also capable of combing metals and phosphates. This allows for the harmful substances such as uranium to be removed from water, soil and uranyl phosphate crystals. (2) References: Citrobacter amalonaticus A cousin to Citrobacter Freundii. http://www. citrobacterfreundii. org/citrobacter-amalonaticus/citrobacter-amalo

Love Your Job Essays - Employment, Job, Occupations,

Love Your Job Learn to Love Your Job It's time to make peace with what you do. By Kathy Simmons Readers from the South are, no doubt, familiar with kudzu?-a prolific vine that wraps itself around other vegetation, strangling the life out of it. Does this sound like what your job is doing to you? Rather than helping you to blossom, is your job running you over like a lawnmower? Stop the madness! You spend too much time at work to be miserable. You can cut through career kudzu by putting the following advice into action. Be Honest With Your Boss Your boss may be talented and inspirational, but probably not a mindreader. If you are frustrated at work, speak up. Your boss has a right to know if you are feeling undervalued, burned out, or desperately in need of a more flexible schedule. There are, of course, ways to conduct this talk so that you don't sound whiny or hopelessly confused. Many companies now offer training to employees, helping them to understand their personal values and what their dream job really is. This training teaches employees how to instigate and prepare for development discussions with their boss. You may be more appreciated and have more options than you thought. A good boss can give you strategies to pull your attitude out of a funk. Give it a chance, and be honest in your discussion. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- By forgiving abusive jerks, you are actually giving yourself a break. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Let the Job Bring Out Your Best If you have a job that matches your skills poorly, you'll end up hating it. For example, sales jobs are not for everyone. An introverted, quiet person is likely to feel uncomfortable chasing down some sales quota. Your job should fit like a glove, not force you to be something you are not. Ill-fitting jobs cause stress, according to psychologist Bill Crawford, author of All Stressed Up & Nowhere to Go!. Stress is a signal that something needs to change. Suffering is when we don't make the change, Crawford explains, Often we don't listen to the signal of stress in our lives until it becomes a severe problem. If your job is not fulfilling, get creative. Drastic changes are not always necessary. Arlene S. Hirsch, author of Love Your Work and Success Will Follow, tells the story of a banker with strong financial analysis skills who was experiencing great job dissatisfaction. He recaptured his love for music by accepting a job as CFO for a symphony orchestra. Smart move! Psychology

Future of Criminal Justice free essay sample

Future of Criminal Justice CRJ 201 In this essay it will discuss the expected of criminal justice over the next fifty years and their current state of criminal justice. It will also discuss the ways in which criminal justice will change. It will also discuss if the changes will benefit or detrimental to society as a whole. The three changes expected in the field of criminal justice that I chose is the DNA profiling and finger print technology, homeland security and cybercrime. The next 50 years improvements in these fields will ensure a substantial improvement in criminal justice. Each of the changes expected are in some way related to technology. The weaknesses in these fields have been the cause of great distress to the victims. The current methods of fingerprinting that involve subjective comparison and matching of fingerprinting has led to disapproval of the method. Extensive testing has shown that the results of fingerprint testing are not valid (Schmalleger, 2011). We will write a custom essay sample on Future of Criminal Justice or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Fingerprint matches are now being done by experts, those fingerprints that have been previously been examined to make identification of suspects were presented to the same experts in a different context and the results were different. Similarly, DNA evidence for identification of criminals has been marred by several problems. Surreptitious DNA collecting, presentation of partial DNA profiles, and fake DNA evidence; cast doubts on the DNA evidence presented in courts (Schmalleger, 2011). Homeland security has thrown of several legal issues that do not confirm with international law. For instance, an unlawful combatant is a prisoner captured by military that are not in accordance with Geneva Convention. Currently, there are weaknesses in detection of radioactive materials, bio-defense, border security, domestic intelligence and emergency prepared ness. With the improvement in each of the factors mentioned there will be substantial improvement in criminal justice. There will be better infrastructure, land/maritime borders, improved detection and protection from radiological materials and better preparedness against terrorism. In field of cyber-crimes currently there are problems of harassment, drug trafficking, cyber terrorism, cyber warfare, obscene ne content, and fraud. There protection against cyber-crimes will improve in the next 50 years. During the next 50 years improved methods of prevention, detection, response, and recovery will be used. In addition, detection of cyber-crimes and exemplary punishments will deter cyber-crimes (Schmalleger, 2011). In my opinion each of these developments will be benefit the society as a whole. For instance, a wider use of Nano-technology will improve the results of fingerprint identification. Electronic matching of fingerprints through distortion removal will improve the validity and reliability of fingerprinting, further improved DNA testing can lead to lower number of innocent people being punished as criminals (Schmallenger, 2011). This will make the society a good place. Catching the right criminals, providing justice that is fair, and reduction in crime is what I expect from the improvements. These will benefit the society. The society will become a safer, better and peaceful place. One of the most important crimes that I expected will be eliminated will be cyber-crimes. The users of online technology, internet, and computer in general are hit by frauds, virus, or even cyber-terrorists. I expect that not only protection against cyber-crimes will improve but also the functioning of the society will improve. The ease of online interaction, financial transactions, and use of computers will improve. The society will benefit from the wider use of online and internet technology. References: Schmalleger,F (2011) Criminal justice today an introduction text for the 21st century (11th ed) Prentice Hall: Pearson

Storm on The Island by Seamus Heaney Essays

Storm on The Island by Seamus Heaney Essays Storm on The Island by Seamus Heaney Paper Storm on The Island by Seamus Heaney Paper Essay Topic: Literature Mythologies Seamus Heaney Poems Hurricane Hits England by Grace Nichols and Storm on The Island by Seamus Heaney Hurricane Hits England and Storm on the Island are poems addressing a similar event, that of a violent storm. However due to the contrast in the poets backgrounds, style and perception they present the event in different ways. The poets have been influenced greatly by their respective backgrounds. Seamus Heaney grew up in agricultural surroundings in rural Derry, inheriting a strong allegiance to farm life from his father. Inevitably much of his poetry stems and is primarily based on his experiences and feel for farm life. Many of Heaneys poems address nature, its beauty and its power. The strength of his poetry lies in his ability to create effective imagery to convey what is a common experience whether its picking blackberries or experiencing a violent storm. In contrast, Grace Nichols experienced very different surroundings growing up. She originally lived in the Caribbean but her career as a writer uprooted her to an unsettled and alienated life in England. She finds it very difficult to surrender her own history and culture and the storm acts as a reminder. This is reflected in the poem. Storm on the Island describes the destructive force that engulfs an island which subjects the inhabitants to constant caution and fear. The poem is written from the point of view of the inhabitants of a remote and exposed island, perhaps somewhere off the Irish coast or even Ireland itself. The islanders are prepared. Their houses are strongly built, low hugging the ground. The earth on the island is barren. There are no trees and when the storm blows full blast they have little protection. The earth is described as wizened or infertile and therefore unsuitable for growing crops. Heaney seems initially to address this issue with regret but later acknowledges the practicality of this deficiency, there are no stacks or stooks that can be lost. Heaney quickly dispels any romantic notions the reader may entertain and exposes us to the dangerous reality the island dwellers frequently experience, allowing us to envisage the storm with a degree of empathy. Heaney involves the reader by using common conversational tags, as you see and you know what I mean, and again this allows us to experience similar emotions to the actual victims of the storm. The poem considers the ideas of isolation and living close to nature, but mainly it depicts the destructive powers of nature. It highlights our vulnerability in the face of nature and the fear of a huge nothing. Security contrasts with insecurity. The islanders do all they can to guard against nature. They believe they are safe in their solid stone houses but the storm attacks it brings them fear. They may seem to be part of a comfortable, perhaps beautiful, seascape but when the storm blows up this security is undermined and brings back their fears. Like his other poems Heaney likes to expose how nature can be frightening or ugly like a tame cat/Turned savage. He refers to three of the elements earth, water and air this wizened earth tragic chorus in a gale.. the flung spray. Heaney manages to convey how all of nature can turn against us. The structure of the poem is one stanza of nineteen lines, like the storm it is unbroken. However the iambic pentameter lends itself to reflective, thoughtful tone and provides the poem with a steady rhythm, the natural rhythm of speech, to contrast with the often violent and combative language used to describe the storm. The poem concludes with a couplet with the half rhymes air and fear. The couplet helps to round the poem off, to give it an air of finality. Heaney uses punctuation to enhance and to add effect to the description. Many lines are not end stopped, there is enjambment indicating the relentlessness of the storm. The word Blast is highlighted with the colon, a dash is used to provide the conversational tone you know what I mean leaves and branches. By using punctuation in this way Heaney draws us into the drama of the storm; it is as if we are observers like him. Heaney explores the theme of war and uses various military metaphors in relation to the storm, the wind dives and strafes, while space is a salvo and air is said to bombard. The opening words suggest a readiness for conflict -We are prepared. When nature attacks the salvo is loosed, the island is bombarded, the sea is exploding and the gale pummels the houses. The poem uses the language of war poetry and is reminiscent of the work of First World War poetry. The atmosphere of war achieved serves to intensify the power of the storm while also echoing the sounds present on battlefield. The use of combative and violent words further emphasises the noise of the storm, whether it is the crashing of the waves or the clash of thunder. He identifies the storm as the enemy and suggests that the island inhabitants should endure and remain resolute we just sit tight. Heaney loves to use sound patterns in his poetry and does this effectively to mirror the storm. Alliteration is used well alongside monosyllabic words to build the tension of the storm, Sink walls in rock and roof them with good slate. Onomatopoeia echoes the sound of the storm in words like blast, flung spray and spits. This adds to the imagery created by metaphor and simile. A most evocative image is of the tragic chorus reminding us of death or of the Greek mythologies that Heaney later translates. The simile of the tame cat is also effective in again taking the commonplace and transforming it into something menacing and savage. The mood of the poem is reflective and begins as confident but becomes less so as the poem progresses. The final line of the poem is ambiguous. Heaney says that it is strange but the thing we fear is a huge nothing . It is as if the air and wind are nothing because we cannot see it just like our own intangible or unspeakable fears. This is what Heaney seems to be contemplating through the metaphor of the storm. Another possibility is that the storm is a metaphor of the troubles. Heaney has written frequently on the topic and it certainly impacted on his life in South Derry. Is the fear a fear of peace and of the unknown. We as islanders have always been good in preparing and protecting ourselves in war but not so good in securing peace. Although the poems were written in the modern era and address similar events, they contrast considerably due to the cultural perspectives of the poets. Nichols wishes to convey culture and tradition whereas Heaney wishes to convey nature in its rarest form. Grace Nichols adapts a personal response to the subject matter and also uses the storm as a metaphor. In a poem where we gain a vivid insight to her feelings in relation to the hurricane the hurricane evokes memories and allows the poet to recall her origins, it addresses the poets relationship with the Caribbean, while also identifying her failure to adapt to the unfamiliar surroundings of an English landscape. As the poem progresses Nichols finds the solace she seeks and seems to grow more attached to her environment through the message that she feels the hurricane conveys. In 1987, England experienced some unusually strong storms which reached hurricane force. Grace Nichols wrote, It seemed as though the voices of the gods were in the wind, within the Sussex wind. And for the first time, I felt close to the English landscape in a way that I hadnt earlier. It was if the Caribbean had come to England. Fundamentally, therefore the poems are very different. Heaney presents the storm as frightening and Nichols as welcoming. The poem is initially written in the third person but changes in the second stanza where Nichols refers to the first person, now speaking for herself. This is similar to Heaney as he uses first person plural to involve the audience, however Heaney seems to observe the storm and is distant of it. Nichols addresses her storm, wants it to talk to her and explain why it is there. In contrast to Heaney the poem does not adhere to a particular structure or conventional pattern but takes the form of free verse where there is no rhyme scheme and stanzas and lines both vary in length. This allows the poet to state the unpredictability of the hurricane. Nichols frequently moves from cultural contexts, developing and explaining her relationships with the two landscapes- Caribbean and England. This is quite different from Storm on an Island where only one place is focused on. Because of this I think Heaneys poem is more effective in portraying the storm. As an audience we are not distracted by the two cultures that Nichols presents to us. The range of vocabulary is different in Hurricane hits England. Nichols uses the putois form Huracan and names of the gods, Oya and Shngo, of the Yoruba tribe, who were taken as slaves to the Carribean. These are the gods of wind and thunder respectively- they are agents of destruction. The destruction was of course seen clearly in Hurricane Hattie which hit the Caribbean in 1961. this is the hurricane Nichols recalls most vividly from childhood. The inovocation of ancient Gods does lend dramatic effect to the storm just as Heaney uses military words to create drama. We also witness a link between Heaneys tragic chorus and Nichols talking Gods. They both lend a mysticism or spirituality to their storms. Just like Heaney, Nichols creates powerful imagery to convey the ferocity of the storm. She uses metaphors in comparing the wind to a ship, a howling ship that has followed her across the ocean. This metaphor relating to the ocean is sustained when she compares the felled trees to whales, what is the meaning of trees falling heavy as whales. So Nichols extends the metaphor just like Heaney sustains his battle imagery. Nichols continues to question the storm and uses contrasts or oxymorons to highlight the image, the blinding illumination into further darkness, its is reminiscent of Heaneys oxymoron exploding comfortably. The plunge into darkness is simply a power cut but could also reflect Nicholss feelings about her new environment. Nichols brings her poem to a climax by reconciling the two cultures. The warm winds break the frozen lake in me and she realises that the Caribbean and England are part of the same planet, that the earth, is the earth, is the earth. The storm has acted as a unifier and a channel of release for Nichols emotions. The storm in its entirety could be viewed as a symbol of the struggle she has had in adapting to her new culture. We must presume that Nichols is speaking for all Caribbean immigrants, just as Heaney speaks on behalf of the islanders. Nichols uses a very different format to Heaney. She employs consistent repetition, rhetorical questions and short lines designed to increase the intensive effect of the hurricane. Heaney relies more on the effect of language and imagery. Heaneys poem is more enigmatic and universal, it could interpreted on many levels by the audience. Nichols, however, confines her audience to those who can relate to the specific cultures. I feel that her optimistic ending is somewhat unrealistic, we just have to refer to the problem of racism in England for consolidation of my view. Heaney relates to us all who fear the huge nothing and because of this I feel he has been more successful in presenting the storm most vividly.

Reflective assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Reflective assignment - Essay Example I had been determined to: Consequently, I decided to become professional nurse in my life for which I had always been curious to become in practical life. Fortune gave me an opportunity of working as junior nurse at a community hospital as soon as I passed my A Levels exams. It is therefore, it was a pleasant experience to join as assistant community nurse at my local town. Though it was not a higher qualification certificate, yet it was sufficient to permit me work as this position. At hospital, I had orientation with the tasks and duties related to nursing. I enjoyed myself while working with the qualified doctors, experienced nurses and other dedicated staff of the hospital. I also got acquainted with the co-workers serving at the same position of assistant nurse. Among these co-workers, two assistant nurses became my classmates at college. At the hospital, I came to know the problems faced by the healthcare staff members while performing their duties and obligations. I was really moved to observe the dedication of doctors, nurses, cleansing staff and helpers during the course of their services-rendering, where all the staff forgot its own comforts for the sake of the patients under treatment at the hospital. Hence, I learnt that the nursing was not mere a profession; rather, it was a virtuous act to help the suffering humanity come out the state of misery. They deal with the patients undergoing various diseases and viruses, with extreme care and patience. â€Å"More so than other professionals†, Gaddis submits, â€Å"nurses intimately understand the communicable characteristics of a potentially contagious virus. And much like any transmittable organism, communications have the ability to infect or heal: With every word and action you are either positively affecting or negatively infecting your work environment . Your inner perceptions and attitude strongly impacts your outward attitude,

Morality - Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Morality - Philosophy - Essay Example Indeed, broader ramifications of one’s morality and ethical behavior are significantly influenced by his socio-religious compulsions. Thus, morality becomes highly debatable and objective issue within the field of philosophy that is interpreted and rationalized differently by different individuals. Philosophy is intrinsic part of life which people exhibit through their actions and reactions to events in their life. The wisdom and individual perspective to various issues and aspects of one’s life reflects the individual’s philosophy. Each individual responds to other people and circumstances as per his values and principles based on his socio cultural and religious paradigms. Many of these values are imbibed through associations and peer relations, while others are evolved through personal experiences. These values become critical aspects of one’s life while determining the standards of good and bad things that help him in making informed choices. In the contemporary environment of rapid globalization, the wide diversity of socio-cultural and religious paradigms often results in diverse ethical and moral practices across different societies. People coming from different cultural background may endorse different ideologies and views regarding issues and their actions are good or bad would depend on the moral norms and value system of their culture. These become vital considerations for moral dilemmas in the contemporary times of multicultural societies. Thus, understanding of cross cultural value system is encouraged within and outside the society so that moral and ethical dilemma could be resolved easily and amicably. Interestingly, philosophers assert that morality and ethics could be different but the wider ratifications of the same are designed to have similar outcome which is to ensure that happiness is the result. Morality can broadly be described by rationalizing one’s

Film Reaction Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Film Reaction Paper - Essay Example better and even if he knew that he would be fired and that he was bound by a confidentiality agreement, he still blew the whistle on the tobacco companies. Secondly, the character of Al Pacino, Lowell Bergman also made an ethical decision. His company CBS and the management of the program ’60 Minutes’ did not want him to air Jeffrey Wigand interview where Wigand told the truth about tobacco and cigarette smoking. He felt that the company was being manipulated by the possible lawsuit of Brown & Williamson in the event that CBS would air the Wigand interview; under this threat, Bergman protested against the actions of his management and his program. He believed that they were allowing the integrity of the program to be compromised by the rich and powerful companies. Bergman was also forced to compromise his agreement with Wigand to air the interview, and this violated the trust which Wigand placed on Bergman. In order to finally air the interview, Bergman applied some une thical practices by going to other media personalities and to have them write a story about CBS being controlled by a tobacco-company. This did not bode well for his smooth relations with his colleagues in 60 Minutes and in CBS. This eventually led to his resignation from CBS citing the fact that he could not anymore have the same integrity among his sources because he could not promise that they would not be left in the lurch after providing him with crucial information. Lastly, the acts of the heads of the tobacco company in giving false testimony to the Congress on the effects of tobacco, the intimidation tactics they applied on Wigand and his family, and the strong-arm techniques they applied to CBS and 60 Minutes are just some of the many unethical decisions and practices applied by Brown and Williamson. All in all, under these considerations, the movie illustrates clear incidents of ethical (and unethical) decision-making

An overview of Electronic Commerce

An overview of Electronic Commerce

Generation Y Essay -- Youth Papers

Generation Y "Your generation is nothing but a bunch of computer addicted slackers. You kids don't care about anything." These phrases and others can be overheard coming from the mouths of baby boomers, those born between 1946 and 1964, and other Generation Y predecessors. What happened? For years now, Generation Y, those born between 1977 and now, have been viewed negatively (Alch 1). Though the origins of the "slacker" title are uncertain, the term has certainly stuck. It could be considered a fitting title. After all, Generation Y performs poorly in school, has no motivation to work, and doesn't get involved with the issues, right? Well no, not exactly. Generation Y is largely misunderstood. They're actually extremely concerned with what goes on around them and are working harder than ever. These people are well on their way to reshaping society as we know it. Generation Y is a confident generation, with high self-esteem. They are opinionated and value their privacy (Article 15 1). They have a strong work ethic and have grown up understanding the electronic economy. Unlike their predecessors, Generation Y has demonstrated a sense of responsibility by having part time jobs while in high school and college. Often, they even help pay for their schooling (Alch 1). Clearly, it is worth taking a second glance before prematurely judging this generation. Sure, young Americans are addicted to the computer, but why wouldn't they be? Generation Y, also known as the echo-boom generation, has grown up digital. Forget them buying notebooks for school, they're buying laptops and zip disks instead. Times have changed and so have their focuses. Contrary to popular belief, this new generation sets their sights high t... ...ey're riding high on the technology wave, too, and are a hardworking, focused people. At this point they definitely have the upper hand by understanding the technology the rest of the world can't grasp. Upon closer evaluation, Generation Y may even have a certain charisma that the baby boomers lack. Bibliography: Works Cited Alch, Mark. "Get ready for the net generation." Society for the Advancement of Education 2000. 7 November 2000. Article 15. 7 November 2000. "New survey shows that most young adults have strong opinions on top campaign issues, but many still not planning to vote." 25 September 2000. The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation 11 November 2000. Raising Student Achievement. White House. 11 November 2000. What happened the year you were born? SLACK Incorporated. 11 November 2000.

Analysis of The Masque of the Red Death Essay

Writer’s Name Professor’s Name English 101 14 November 2013 Chasing Time Edgar strikes fear in the eyes of the reader as the adventure of The Masque of the Red Death takes one through the life cycle from the beginning to death. A terrible disease stormed through the country, killing anyone in it’s path. Not only was it madly gruesome, but dreadfully fatal. With only half of the kingdom left alive, Prince Prospero decided to take the route of a coward. He let the kingdom fend for themselves, while he gathered a thousand of his favorite knights and ladies and had a never-ending party, â€Å"When his dominions were half depopulated, he summoned to is presence a thousand hale and light-hearted friends from among the knights and dames of his court† (Poe 3). Once the last guest entered the gate doors, no one came in, and no one gets out (seeing as the Prince welded the gates shut). After a few months the prince decided to throw a breathtaking masquerade ball. As instructed, the guests wore elaborate costumes and masks. The party took place in a strange design and setup. A series of 7 rooms lead you from the beginning to the end of the party. Throughout all of the rooms, every single one was a bright and cheery color, all but the last room. Black dark and terrifying, what more could one want the 7th and final room to be? Poe takes the reader through a fearful Journey, never letting you sit down to have a cup of tea, never letting you feel at home. He wants to put the reader on their toes, awaiting a pop-up scene at any moment, awaiting the â€Å"Red Death†. Although his guests loved all of the light and youthful rooms, only the brave and adventurous stray away to the depressed gloomy last and final room. The final room contained numerous clocks that ring and ring every hour, with each ding the partiers stop and pause till the clocks are done. As the clocks struck midnight, everyone noticed a new guest, a very gruesome guest, â€Å"there were many individuals in the crowd who had found leisure to become aware of the presence of a masked fgure which had arrested the attention of no single individual before† (Poe 7). The Prince did not find any humor in the fact that the guest was dressed up as the â€Å"Red Death†. With that, the Prince ran after the guest. Prince Prospera ran furiously through the rooms slowly reaching the last and final room, death. Prince Prosperds party showed Poe’s amazing ability to bring symbolism and themes together to form a piece of literary artwork. As the reader visualizes the party, you see 7 rooms moving from east to west. Each room essentially is a different ‘stage’ of the human life. Every room has a different color, which suggests that stage of human life. What first gave away that the suite was set up to be viewed as a life cycle, was the arrangement of rooms from east to west. How brilliant it was to connect this life cycle of a human with the life cycle of a day. East is usually associated with beginnings and birth seeing as its the beginning of a new day. On the contrary, as the sun sets in the West, people usually associate that with the end and death. sense of rebirth. The color suggests the unknown from which a human being arrives into this world. Following that, the purple room proposes the idea of beginnings of growth, and green being the â€Å"spring† of life. Orange represents the summer and autumn of life, while white suggests aging. In the end violet, shadowy and dark, prepares you for the last room, death. Almost all but a few partiers stay clear of the black room, and why is that? It symbolizes their fear of the unknown, there fear death. â€Å"But in the western or black chamber the effect of the fire- light that streamed upon the dark hangings through the blood-tinted panes, was ghastly in the extreme, nd produced so wild a look upon the countenances of those who entered, that there were few of the company bold enough to set foot within its precincts at all† (Poe 5). As the ‘Red Death’ walks from the blue room to the black room, Prospero follows it and they walks the course of life, flowwing from birth to death. He rushes from the blue room to the black room, where he eventually dies. His party guests also run into the black room to unmask the Red Death, and also die. The course the characters walk in the story is both literally and metaphorically the course from life to death. â€Å"And now was acknowledged the presence of the Red Death. He had come like a thief in the night. And one by one dropped the revellers in the blood-bedewed halls of their revel, and died each in the despairing posture of his fall† (Poes 10). It was no coincidence that Poe wrote ‘like a thief in the night’ as an ending for his short story. This piece of scripture is one of the most famous lines from the Bible. The line derives from Paul’s first letter to the Thessalonians 5:4, where he refers to the last judgement. According to Paul, Jesus or God will appear when the world is least expecting it, and Judge all sinners for all ages. Poe uses Paul’s phrase and relates it to he Red Death. In the story, the Red Death might seem like an â€Å"apocalyptic† figure, something that symbolizes the end of the world. Like the sinners in the scripture, the Prince and all of his friends stupidly ignore the inevitability of death. Instead they take in all of â€Å"lifes pleasures†, and in the end they pay the price. The only difference is that instead of a Judgement day, and giving everyone a fair chance, the Red Death happily massacres everyone. The clocks in the story symbolizes life ticking away directly in front of the partygoers faces. They stop each hour to hear the long ding-dong of the large ebony locks, â€Å"And then, for a moment, all is still, and all is silent save the voice of the clock† (Poe 6). The clock stopped ticking with the last guest’s death, and it was like the clock represented the countdown to death and the people knew it. Poe’s main goal in The Masque of the Red Death is to spawn a growing sense of horror and dread in his reader. Throughout the story the guests of Prince Prospero fear the black room almost as much as they fear death itself. The guests of the party not only give the reader the experience of the cycle of life, but an insight on Poe’s insightful use of Bible verses.

Essay about Ethics Case Study

Essay about Ethics Case Study Essay about Ethics Case Study Case Study 12/9/12 The last job I had was at a busy call center. We had a strict attendance policy. During the probationary period an employee was allowed to have four â€Å"occurrences† (the way it counted to human resources depended largely on the situation, but if you missed work it was an occurrence none-the-less) before an employee was terminated. One of my employees did not make it for reasons that should not have counted against her. She did miss a lot of work but each time it was for a situation that was outside of her control. She had a chronic condition that would spin out of control every once in a while. As her manager, I knew about it – though I was still bound by corporate policy. The first day she missed was because her chronic condition had flair up and she spent the day in the emergency room at a local hospital. She had the documentation to prove it and the time she spent there. I did not want the situation to count against her but, again, I was tied to corporate policy. The second one was more interesting. She missed the second time a couple of weeks later because her daughter was vomiting. This is a situation that no amount of documentation would have helped. She was a single mother and had no one to watch her son so she missed work again. Again, I had to follow corporate policy. I found out later that her daughter had drunk an individual milk carton that was spoiled. She found out herself when she attempted to drink one of the other cartons herself. She told me she called the grocery store. I visited the grocery store myself and found that they no longer carry the brand of milk my employee was talking about – because of a phone call from a customer. By this time, I was getting worried. Chances are that she would not make it through her probationary period. I liked this employee. I still like her. Her attitude at work was very ambitious. She would take on side projects to help out the team, she made everyone around her laugh and smile; she just had a fantastic attitude and work ethic. But again, even though I knew that she was telling the truth, I had to follow corporate policy. We lost her. She left work one Friday afternoon excited because she was going to finally have a girls’ night out. That night never happened for her. Instead her chronic illness flared up again and this time she spent the next five days in the hospital. Again she had documentation. She called me when she returned home. I did all I could to fight against corporate policy. I spoke with our human resources department and found out that we could re-hire her. I was excited for the possibility. Then I found out from my manager that corporate had eliminated the shift she worked. Initially this employee worked a morning shift and now the only shift we had open was a closing shift. I called her back to tell her knowing that there was no way she was going to be able to take a closing shift. She was a single mother who also had obligations to a non-profit organization two nights a week. I knew that when I hired her and I knew she would not be in a position to walk away immediately. I also knew that if she did not walk away that fast that my manager would force me to fill her position within the next few days. She called me back to tell me what I expected to hear and I have not talked to her since. This situation for me was very unsettling. She was a tremendous employee who was so ambitious that she pushed the whole team to do better without even trying. I had plans to move her into a lead position as soon as possible but that day never came. There should be exceptions to every rule and policy to reflect real life. In my opinion, this employee should have only received one occurrence and that one should have been for when her daughter was vomiting. This is a story that, even though I believe her, could have been avoided if she had checked the milk carton herself. She made a mistake and it cost her.

Nutrition is a Major key Professor Ramos Blog

Nutrition is a Major key Tori Lewis was on a vacation with her friends. Â  The weather was beautiful, and the scenery was glorious, but there was something on her mind that made her unable to enjoy it. The idea plaguing her was her weight. Tori weighed 300 pounds and felt so uncomfortable she refused to go to the beach with her friends. One day Tori decided, enough was enough and she couldn’t keep living like this. Like many others, Tori said she gained weight during college. She stopped paying attention to her weight and just ate and drank. Each year she gained more weight and it made her feel worse. She thought drinking and eating more food was supposed to make her happy, but it didn’t. So, she started the ketogenic diet which is a low carb, high fat and protein diet. She started by eliminating sugar and simple carbs and by adding healthy fats, such as avocado and olive oil. At first, she said it was hard for her, but eventually she was about to rewire her brain and overcome the temptation for processed food. Over a 9 month span she lost 120 pounds by simply watching what she ate. She says she feels better physically and mentally and goes to the beach without being embarrassed. What we should take from this story is that a healthy diet is important and can change one’s entire body, both physic ally and mentally. American is a great country. We have good education, technology and currency. Do you want to know what’s not so great? Our obesity-rate. We are one of the world’s fattest countries, numbering 9 according to obesity.procon.org and positioned number one among the top 10 industrialized nations. A gap 7.5 percent higher than the next country is what separates the USA from the closest country fat index on the list. There are multiple reasons we lead the obesity trend. Â  According to Public heath.org, reason number one is the US eats bigger portions. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute says the U.S. Portion size has doubled within the last 20 years. A regular cheeseburger that used to be 4.5 ounces 20 years ago is now 8 ounces. A medium bag of popcorn back then was 5 cups is now regularly served at 11 cups. Â  The U.S. portion size compared to European countries is bigger and this habit stands out as the most likely reason why we’re heavier than they are. In a research study conducted by Dr. Lisa R. Young and Dr. Marion, Nestle’s soda from McDonald’s serves larger portions in its U.S. restaurants within its meals than they do serving the portions abroad. Â  Fast food franchise servings sold with their meals in countries such England, Ireland, and Italy are drinking our large drink as the largest found on their menu, whereas we have an additional extra-large drink option every day. Even the fries sizing were different at home compared to those abroad. In the U.S. large orders of fries contain 610 calories compared to England’s 446 calorie servings. Â  That is a 164 caloric difference. There are many reasons why the portions are marketed differently. Â  One reason is because the U.S. has an abundance of food compared to other nations. Another reason at home and abroad marketing is different is because Europeans desire their food to be fresh as opposed to processed, an opinion different because processed food is marketed to Americans because of their acceptance of it, rather than being opposed to it. Â  One other reason for oversees corporate sizing difference between industrialized nations abroad and the U.S according to the information provided by Public health.org is that Americans appear to have a misunderstanding of nutrition. Â  Public health resources say Americans received their meal standards passed down through generations and it’s their idea of what a healthy meal is more than basing food on nutritional analysis. The ideal healthy American dinner during the 1900’s was a piece of meat with gravy, a starch food, and vegetables. This is bec ause they did not know what calories where and believed exercise could burn off everything. The FDA did not make it mandatory for companies to use the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act (NLEA) passes in 1990. It requires all packaged foods to bear nutrition labeling and all health claims for foods to be consistent with the terms defined by the Secretary of HHS. Once the FDA step in that’s when American started to take health more seriously. Why is a healthy diet important? There are many reasons found on medicalnewstoday.com. It also helps with weight loss introducing diets just like the one Tori switched to. Â  Switching your diet can help you shed pounds, prevent diabetes, reduce heart disease, and reduce the risk of cancer. Medical studies have shown that obesity is linked to particular types of cancer. Â  Medical experts say eating processed foods and high fatty food increases your chances of cancer and reducing them helps your overall heart health and stroke prevention. Eating food that gives you vitamin E means help to prevent blood clots which in turn reduce heart attacks. Lastly, a healthy diet can improve your mood and overall happiness. Â  Research has found that a diet with a glycemic load increases symptoms of depression and fatigue. A diet of high glycemic is soft drinks and white flour foods, while a low glycemic food loads would be vegetables, whole fruit, and whole grains. These foods are not only goo d for you but increase your overall mood by giving you the energy to function at your best. Is it possible to learn about nutrition and a healthy diet on your own? Or does hiring a dietician whose costly expertise stands in the way of anyone who doesn’t have the money to seek sound nutritional advice. Well, there are many ways to watch your diet without seeking a ‘professional’s help. Start by reading nutrition label facts found on the back of the foods you eat. It shows the serving size thats recommended, calories, protein, total fats, and proteins. Â  Second, cut down on the saturated fat and sugar intake. Instead of eating cake go for a healthier dessert, like fruit. A third suggestion may be easier for some than others, is to cut down on the fast food and make more homemade meals. Just because advertisements claim a fast food item is healthy doesnt mean it is. Most fast food salads are not as fresh as produce in its raw form and still have a high amount of sodium, preservatives, and additives. Lastly, cut down on the red meat because its high in sat urated fat which is known to raise blood cholesterol. In closing, nutrition is a big part of a healthy lifestyle and losing weight. If you stay focused on your diet, not only will you live a healthy and happy lifestyle, but a long one too? Work Cited https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1447051/ by Lisa R. Toung Phd, February 2002 https://www.today.com/health/weight-loss-success-ketogenic-diet-helps-woman-lose-120-pounds-t141365Â   By Meghan Holohan November 6 2018 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07359680802619834 By Sameer Deshpande April 30 2009 https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/322268.php By Cathleen Crichton-Stuart Reviewed by Natalie Butler RD June 26 2018

Legal Ramifications for exceeding one's duties Essay

Legal Ramifications for exceeding one's duties - Essay Example for the case of Maggie. Despite having been in the field for quite some time, action should be taken upon her for the slightest evidence of malpractice hence enhance the safety of other patients. In the medical field particularly nursing, there are regulations set aside that govern the mode of conduct of physicians and nurses, which Maggie must be aware of. Negligence of duty is one of them and it illustrates that they should be cautious enough while executing their duties to reduce any emotional or physical damage to their patients. However the substantial proof for negligence lies with the patient, their family or whoever was looking on (Jamnik, 2011). With the evidence of the deep laceration on the patient, Maggie can be sued in court because the patient might bleed profusely and can even die. On the other hand, being sued does not mean that the nurse was actually negligent in duty since she can come out with arguments that support her act and receive a fair jurisdiction. For example she may use one of the four elements of malpractice which is damage to justify her total innocence. When evaluating a malpractice in the nursing field, the jury will consider whether the deep laceration caused harm to the patient or not. If not, then that would be a different case of poor patient management and medical malpractice. With such arguments, the supervisor should be well armed with a good medical lawyer to support the damage done to the patient and also ascertain the drift from normal care of patients as stipulated in the medical laws (Kassim, Alias & Muhammad, 2014). On the other hand, the physician will face charges according to the Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labour Act (EMTALA) board since it stipulates some physician regulations of which he breached. According to this law the on-call physicians must be ready and willing all the time whenever they are called to come and administer help to a patient requiring emergency help without delay. In this

Be able to make financial decisions based on financial information Assignment

Be able to make financial decisions based on financial information - Assignment Example Competitors may have offered new products having more superior quality that attract more number of customers. Another reason may be that the company might have changed the product price that may, in turn, result in a variance in the unit sales volume. The direct material price variance (Â £7,500) is the variation between actual material cost (Â £22,500) and budgeted material cost (Â £ 15,000). Here, the material price variance shows an unfavorable trend, as the actual cost is higher than the material. The other reason for the price variance may be due to the non accessibility of cash discounts that are actually expected at the time of deciding the price standards and also may be due to changes in transportation costs, careless purchasing and changes in the material standard. The total direct labor variance is found by evaluating actual cost of direct labor to the budgeted direct labor cost. If the actual cost is in excess of the budgeted cost, the resultant variances become unfavorable. This may be due to the usage of more labor hours as there is shortage of adequate experienced labors in the concerned cutlery manufacturing. The other reasons are the higher payment of labor rate per hour. The sum of unfavorable direct labor variance (1,875) is the combination of adverse direct labor efficiency variance of (5,625) + adverse direct labor rate variance of 3,750. The adverse variance in the material usage amounting (Â £ 3,000) are due to the imperfect material, unnecessary waste of material, and stricter quality control. The labor rate variance has shown an adverse trend. This unfavorable variance is due to the increase in the wage rate of laborers. The labor efficiency rate is also showing an unfavorable trend of (Â £ 5,625). This is mainly due to the usage of poor quality material. The company lacks the supply of steel material of adequate quality. The other reason may be the lost of time over and above

English Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 32

English - Essay Example Jeter started his career when he was only 20 years old in 1995 and has spent his entire career with the Yankees. He was quick in the journey of success and accomplished great popularity and numerous triumphs in very short span of time. Let me mention some major, if not all, awards here. He was four time NY Yankees player of the year, 9-time AL All-Star (1998-2002, 2004, 2006-2008), won 3 Gold Glove awards and awarded World Series Most Valuable Player in 2000. We can say that Jeter started his carrier long ago when he was a student in Kalamazoo Central High School. From there onward, he started to gain achievements and also received a baseball scholarship to attend the  University of Michigan from where he was introduced to New York Yankees. His father is a drug counselor and his mother, an Accountant. Jeter was named after Derek Sanderson, his father’s favorite hockey player. An interesting fact about Jeter is that he has the same birthday as Abner Doubleday who invented Baseball (funtrivia.com). Jeter’s popularity can be known by the fact that a wax figure of him is situated in the Madame Tussauds Wax Museum. As per the record of 2006, Derek is the 2nd highest paid endorser in baseball earning $7 million in endorsements (forbes). He has appeared in ad campaign for Skippy,  Ford, VISA, Nike and others. Derek is often called a â€Å"ladies man†. It is said that he has dated many beautiful ladies including Miss Universe Lara Datta, Scarlett Johansson, Gabrielle Union, Jessica Alba, Tyra Banks and the list goes on (ESPN). He is still living a single life. One of the main reasons why I admire him most is his caring nature for humanity. He established a charity organization â€Å"Turn 2 Foundation† in 1996 which supports programs and activities that motivates young people to avoid usage of drugs and alcohol. This organization is running numerous

International Entertainers Essay Example for Free

International Entertainers Essay The salaries of many singers, dancers and sports people have increased out of all proportion in recent years, while in places like Sudan people are starving to death. I do not beleive that anyone should be able to earn such enormous salaries whan so many people in the world are living in poverty. One af the factors which should affect what a person can earn ought to be the benefit of persons work to society. It is unreasonable for a famous singer to be able to earn far more from an evenings entertainment than, for instance, a medical scientist who develops a new drug which produces a treatment for a common disease. The pop star certainly has a value in society, but the value in no way exceeds, or even matches, the value gained from a successful medication. Secondly. work done should be paid according to the amount of effort and skill that goes into it. Nobody would deny that a famous person works hard and is skillful, yet such people do not work any harder than thousand of other workers who have no claim to fame. Yet market force are such that these superstarts can obtain millions of dolor while other unknown people sometimes earn less than they need to survive. Finally, it should be possible for governments to work together to ensure that the amount of money in circulation should be more more equally and fairly distributed. This seems only fair given that there are so many suffering. To conclude, it is clear that world poverty is a serious problem and yet the problem could be eased if governments and compenies gave more thought to paying salaries on a more equitable basis and if they started to contribute more money to those in need.

france business :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Studying and understanding different cultures of the world, is an integral part of successfully communicating internationally. This paper will examine three case studies evaluating communication styles in France. The focus will be on McDonald’s France, Euro Disney, and Accor. These three cases all involve a lack of effective communication and understanding of French Culture. French Culture   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In order to examine these French communication case studies it is important to understand the French culture. The French are characterized as having a very high level of uncertainty avoidance, but ironically change their minds quite frequently. The French are also very characterized as a very individualistic culture, meaning that everyone is only supposed to take care of themselves and their immediate family. These characteristics will be seen throughout the case studies, especially the uncertainty avoidance factor. McDonald’s France Case:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  McDonalds has opened franchises all over the world, little did they know that breaking into the French market would be such a challenge. McDonalds is a global corporation that is now tailoring its food, and entire dinning experience to fit local cultures.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  At first, the French were not very receptive of McDonalds invading their country, and were very reluctant to indulge in the high fat, fast food. Culturally it was different from anything they had ever experienced before. Initially French McDonalds were replicates of American McDonalds, serving the same menu with the same structural layout. The French traditionally enjoy lingering over their meals, and creating a dinning experience as opposed quickly consuming a large amount of food. These factors led to a slow start for McDonalds in France.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The French were also very concerned about the high level of fat contained in the traditional McDonalds menu. This became a huge communication problem, especially when protests started picketing several McDonalds in France. McDonalds France Solution:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  These problems have been handled by having McDonalds France Public Relations Department giving several press conferences, as well as, distributing several press releases. Since the Problem spans the entire country, high level McDonalds executives are communicating with the public. This communication does not end with high level executives; the message has permeated throughout the entire organization. The managers of individual franchises are very proactive to address and resolve the problems McDonalds has been experiencing. They choose to use the several forms of media that are most likely to actually reach the average McDonalds consumer, news paper press releases, press conferences that could be aired on the local news, and a new advertising campaign.

Ap Biology Paper

August 20, 2012 AP Biology Paper thing Daniel Gildenbrand Many scientists have contributed to the subjects of nature, evolution, medicine, and to the development of how experiments are executed. In this essay I will go over four scientists, their experiments, and how those experiments benefited the scientific community and the way we currently live our lives. These four scientists greatly contributed to science and were arguably the greatest contributors to their field of study.First, we have Francesco Redi and his famous experiments challenging the previous assumption that maggots underwent  Ã¢â‚¬Å"spontaneous generation†, a theory about the formation of living organisms without descent from similar organisms, and naturally spawned from rotting meat. Redi disproved this theory with his experiments. In one of those experiments, Redi took three groups of jars: in the first jar of each group he put an unknown object; in the second, a dead fish; and in the third, a rotting piece of meat.The first group of jars was left open with no lid, the second group was covered in a woven piece of gauze, so that only air could get into the jar, and the third group was firmly sealed with a lid. After a few days of wait, Francesco noted that maggots appeared in the open jars where he saw flies had landed. The group of jars covered with the gauze had maggots on top of the gauze because the flies could smell the rotting meat so they laid their eggs there. Finally, he observed jars sealed with a lid had no maggots.With this experiment he disproved the theory of abiogenesis. His contribution to the scientific community did not end with just the results of his experiments as he was credited with the development of the â€Å"controlled experiment. † Controlled experiments changed the way we conduct experiments and greatly increased the accuracy of our results. The famous quote â€Å"Omne vivum ex ovo† (â€Å"All life comes from an egg†) is commonly associa ted with Redi’s experiments. A great contributor to the field of medicine and microbiology was Louis Pasteur.He was famous for his experiments with micro-organisms and for inventing the S-flask, which is now of great use in scientific experiments. Louis’ experiments saved the silk industry, and solved problems with the manufacture of alcoholic drinks. Most importantly, Pasteur invented the process now known as pasteurization. While working with the germ theory, which he bettered with his research, Pasteur proved that micro-organisms such as bacteria were responsible in the souring of alcoholic drinks such as beer and wine.He also discovered that microbes where infecting silk worm eggs and advocated that only disease-free eggs should be selected, which saved the industry. Another one of Pasteur’s accomplishments was when he confirmed the disproval of abiogenesis through his experiments. In the experiment, he put exposed boiled broth into two groups of S-flasks, w hich he invented to slow the growth of bacteria in test tubes. Then, he covered one of the groups of flasks with a filter designed to prevent any particles from entering the tube.The other group was group of S-flasks was left alone (the S-flasks also only allowed a minimal amount of particles to enter the tube). He concluded that bacteria only grew in the flasks after they were broken open; therefore, the microbes had to come from the outside, in the form of spores on dust particles. To counter the growth of these bacteria, he developed â€Å"pasteurization† which is a process that kills bacteria within a liquid by heating then cooling the liquid. Pasteurization is now used just about anywhere beverages are manufactured to prevent any bacteria from entering the products.Finally, Louis Pasteur’s arguably greatest contribution to science was bettering the concept of vaccination. When Pastuer was working on a problem causing chickens to die from a virus called â€Å"chic ken cholera† on a farm, he exposed some of the healthy chickens to a weaker form of the virus. After returning from a month-long vacation, Louis discovered that the chickens did not die from the disease, like the others, but had actually grown immune to the disease and were completely healthy.He applied the same principle of vaccination to a quickly spreading epidemic called anthrax. Louis Pasteur’s contributions to science were vast and if we think about it, his research has forever changed the way that we live our lives today. Charles Darwin was an English naturalist who was dubbed the father of evolution. His work included establishing the fact that all species descended from common ancestors and describing a process he called natural selection in which different species struggled for life, leaving only the ones that adapted better to survive.Darwin has often been called one of the most influential figures in human history. His work undoubtedly affected peopleâ€℠¢s view on life and his theory of evolution transformed the way we think about the natural world. Darwin collected his research from many different places but his most influential research was gathered along his voyage on the Beagle. In 1831 Darwin tagged along the ship The Beagle on a survey voyage. When he got to the Galapagos Islands, he noticed that each island had similar finches that had their own distinctive features.He then noticed that these features corresponded with the environment that the birds lived in and what they had to hunt. He explained the situation with the theories of evolution and natural selection. He stated that the finches had originated from a similar ancestor and had evolved their characteristics to adapt to each sub-environment on the islands. Then, by natural selection, the finches that were better suited for their environment where left to breed and thrive on the islands. This is what we would call today, â€Å"Survival of the fittest. What Darwin acc omplished with his research is vital to the scientific community and what we learn today. His work explains why many things exist as they do and how some things came to be. Finally, we had Sir Alexander Fleming, who discovered the â€Å"wonder drug† penicillin. Fleming had discovered the world’s first anti-biotic, or bacteria killer. Penicillin is a drug that kills bacteria in many forms and is widely used in medicine and is essential in healing infections. As important as penicillin may be, it was found in a very strange way.When Fleming was leaving his laboratory for a vacation, he had stacked all his cultures of staphylococci on a bench in a corner of his laboratory. When he returned, he started to show some of the samples to his lab assistant and randomly noticed that one of the samples had grown a mold. He thought nothing of it until he also noticed that the mold had killed the staphylococci sample that was in the dish. Fleming saw that this mold had great potenti al. He spent several weeks growing more of the mold and, with the help of a colleague, he figured out that it was a Penicillium mold.He continued to run experiments with the mold and figured out that it killed many different types of harmful bacteria. But the most important characteristic of the mold was that it did no harm to the human body. Since Fleming was not a chemist, he could not isolate the actual antibacterial element within the mold and use it as medicine. Later on though, two chemists by the names of Florey and Chain managed to make penicillin a usable product. Fleming’s discovery of penicillin greatly benefited the evolution of medicine and has been a vital asset in fighting bacteria and illness.Francis Redi, Louis Pasteur, Charles Darwin, and Alexander Fleming each greatly benefited the scientific community. Their research and discoveries allowed for great advancements in medicine, knowledge, and helped shine light on things previously unknown. Francesco Redi an d Louis Pasteur both disproved the theory of spontaneous generation. Charles Darwin changed the way we view species and the natural world with his theories of evolution and natural selection. Lastly, Alexander Flemings advanced field of medicine by discovering the miracle drug of penicillin.Whether it was by Darwin giving us new knowledge on the natural world or by Redi, Louis, and Pasteur pushing medicine further, these fours scientists greatly improved our lives and forever changed the way we live them. Bibliography Francesco Redi Meat and Maggots 1. â€Å"Francesco Redi and Controlled Experiments. †Ã‚  The Church and Science:Conflict or Complement. N. p. , n. d. Web. 7 Sept. 2012. . 2. â€Å"Redi Experiment. †Ã‚  Kent School District. N. p. , n. d. Web. 7 Sept. 2012.

Disraeli’s policy during the Bulgarian Crisis of 1876 Essay

To what extent was Gladstone’s religion the driving force behind his attempt to ‘sabotage’ Disraeli’s policy during the Bulgarian Crisis of 1876? ‘Of all the Bulgarian atrocities perhaps the greatest’1 was the label Disraeli ascribed to Gladstone’s 1876 pamphlet The Bulgarian Horrors and the Question of the East, which ‘concentrated into a single utterance a profoundly excited public mood struggling for articulation’.2 With the publication of this pamphlet, Gladstone effectively undermined Disraeli’s policy of unwavering support for the Turks in the face of the Bulgarian massacres, and emerged at the forefront of the Bulgarian Agitation. The popular pressure that ensued ultimately forced Disraeli to abandon any overt military support of the Ottoman Empire, and to declare neutrality in the issue. While the consequences of Gladstone’s action are known, his reasons for involving himself in the debate are questionable. Gladstone’s fervent religious beliefs could have provided the main impetus for his involvement, but other arguments, such as his intervention being an anti-Conservative political strategy, are perhaps more plausible given an examination of the evidence. In examining this issue, it is important to understand the depth of contempt that Gladstone and Disraeli held for each other’s foreign policy. It was not their principles that differed: both believed in a policy of non-intervention in European affairs except for in those that could impact British interests. However, their methods were entirely different. Disraeli believed very strongly in the ruling right and superiority of the established aristocracy in Britain, and this certainly transferred across to his foreign policy, as illustrated by his endorsement of Austrian aristocratic Habsburg rule in Italy in 1851. He felt that Britain had a duty to Europe as the wealthiest and most powerful Empire, and that this would best be served by preserving British influence and furthering the spread of the British Empire. Gladstone also wished to preserve British interests, but often found this to conflict with his nationalism, ‘sympathy with the unalienable rights of smaller nations to their nationhood’3. In terms of Italy, therefore, Gladstone could not support Austrian rule because it contravened his nationalistic beliefs, despite the fact that Habsburg domination could have proved more beneficial to Britain. This is mirrored in his stance in the arbitration of the Alabama settlement: Gladstone appeared to capitulate to American demands as opposed to supporting British interests, as he believed that it was the most moral course of action. It was from these differences that the deep opposition to each other’s foreign policy was born. Disraeli saw Gladstone’s policy as counter-productive in terms of British interests, accusing him of wanting to dismantle the Empire, while Gladstone found Disraeli to be far too much of an imperialist and insensitive to the rights of foreign nations. Disraeli not only poured scorn on Gladstone’s foreign affairs, but also disliked his dogmatic religion. It is possible that the modern focus on Gladstone as a highly religious politician was brought about by Disraeli’s very public attacks on his fervent religious beliefs. Disraeli held nothing but scorn for Gladstone’s religion, and talked with disdain of him always ‘preaching, praying, speechifying or scribbling’4. For Disraeli, Gladstone used his religion to mask his true intentions – to appear pious while actually manipulating and manoeuvring his way through politics. Perhaps it is Disraeli’s emphasis on ridiculing Gladstone’s religious beliefs that has inspired the concept that he was first and foremost a highly religious man. However, the general consensus is that Gladstone’s Evangelical upbringing led to a strong sense of religious morality that could be said to have permeated all aspects of his life, including his politics. In modern Britain it would rarely be expected for a Prime Minister to admit to religion colouring their policies: as Alastair Campbell famously declared, ‘we don’t do God’. Blair’s revelation that he ultimately looked to religion for his decision in declaring war on Iraq was frowned upon by many who felt that personal beliefs and convictions should not have an impact on decisions that will affect whole countries. However, in the far more religious Britain of 1876 this was not so controversial. Religious issues permeated every aspect of life, including law and politics. The attitudes of the day are clearly demonstrated in the Bradlaugh Case, in which confirmed atheist and elected MP for Northampton Charles Bradlaugh was barred from taking up his parliamentary seat because of his refusal to take the religious Oath of Allegiance required for entry. This issue was disputed regularly in parliament, showing the height of religious feeling of the time. Gladstone in particular made no secret of his religion, or of his beliefs that it was entirely applicable to politics. In his book The State in its Relations to the Church (1838), Gladstone raised the idea that religion and politics were inextricably linked: the Church was the conscience of the State, while the State had a duty to lend its consistent, unwavering support to the Anglican Church. Although his views later changed to reject the exclusivity of the Church of England, throughout his life he retained the belief that religion should be firmly ingrained in the running of the country. Gladstone’s beliefs caused him to take an ethical stance in foreign policy, which contrasted greatly with Disraeli’s firmly imperialist ‘Beaconsfieldism’ that attempted to secure the best outcome for Britain, sentiments that prefigured the practical criticism of mixing religion and politics today. Disraeli and Gladstone held the greatest of contempt for each other in their foreign affairs, each believing the other’s policy to be entirely nonsensical and unworkable, attitudes that stemmed from their differing interests. While Disraeli held British interests at heart, Gladstone had ‘a catholic largeness of vision and sympathy embracing Europe as a cultural and spiritual community’5 stemming from his views on the unity of the Christian church, and believed that European affairs should be conducted with the best interests of the community at heart. Although Disraeli felt that it was necessary to support the Turks despite their actions in Bulgaria in order to deter Russia from gaining power on territory on the pretext of moral intervention, Gladstone would have found this inexcusable according to his personal moral code and ‘European sense’, principally derived from ‘the intense fervour of his Christianity’6: as Magnus perceptively states, Gladstone felt that Disraeli’s ‘interpretation of [British] interests excluded considerations of justice, or of humanity’7. It was not only Gladstone’s ‘European sense’ that would have rendered support of the Turks inexcusable, but the very nature of the events taking place in Bulgaria. Gladstone consistently cast himself as a moral crusader in his policies, particularly regarding Ireland and in his opposition and criticisms of ‘Beaconsfieldism’. Following the brutal massacre of 15,000 Bulgarians, Jenkins’ argument that the moral Gladstone was ‘spontaneously seized with a passionate sympathy for the sufferings of the Balkan Christian communities’8 seems plausible. Gladstone would most likely have been incensed by Disraeli’s initial denial of the rumours of the massacres, already believing Disraeli’s foreign policy to be aggressive, expensive and unprincipled. However, Abbot refutes Jenkins’ claims in stating that ‘the part played†¦by Gladstone’s ‘high moral principles’ has tended to be exaggerated’9, and states that the vast majority of his moral outbursts in terms of foreign policy were made when he was in opposition. As a moral stance in foreign policy was a common one for the opposition to take at the time, this indicates that Gladstone’s intervention was possibly not entirely fuelled by religion. Gladstone’s role as a cabinet minister during the Crimean War could have provided another factor in his intervention. The Treaty of Paris that brought the war to a close increased the necessity for co-operation within the concert of Europe, as it had substituted a ‘European conscience expressed by the collective guarantee and concerted action of the European powers’10 for a pre-Crimean war guarantee of the protection of Christian minorities by the Russians. Turkey had promised better treatment for the Christians of the Ottoman Empire, and Gladstone felt morally obliged to ensure that the terms of the Treaty were not breached, particularly with reference to the protection of the Balkan Christians. Following Russia’s breach of the Black Sea clauses in 1870, Gladstone was even more determined to ensure that the European Concert continued to function in its protection of the minorities. It seems unlikely that Gladstone wanted to preserve the terms of the Treaty of Paris for purely political reasons, as the maintenance of the balance of power within Europe required Russia to be contained, not encouraged to expand into the Balkans supposedly in order to protect the inhabitants. It is possible then that Gladstone intervened for the same reason as the Russians gave: in order to protect the Christians from an alien nation with an alien religion that mistreated them. A sample from his pamphlet gives a clear indication of his attitude towards the Turks – ‘Their Zaptiehs and their Mudirs, their Bimbashis and their Yuzbashis, their Kaimakams and their Pashas, one and all, bag and baggage, shall I hope clear out from the province they have desolated and profaned’11. While this has racist overtones, it is difficult to determine whether this is due to a difference in religion. Jenkins raises the possibility that Gladstone could have felt sympathetic towards the Christians, but quashes it with the statement that ‘Gladstone was stronger on the rhetoric of indignation than on detailed knowledge of what was happening in the Balkans’12, never having visited the area or displayed any previous interest in it. Indeed, on the subject of previous massacres of Christians, Gladstone had remained suspiciously quiet, despite episodes like the massacre of the Maronite Christians in 1860 which left between 7,000 and 11,000 dead. It seems unlikely that a wild desire to protect those of the same religion only appeared during this particular occurrence, particularly as Gladstone failed to intervene when the news of the massacres initially broke, waiting another two months to bring himself into the limelight. Although Feuchtwanger claims that Gladstone’s ‘life in politics was a constant quest for God’13, the historian’s emphasis on Gladstone as a singularly moral, religious politician is overly simplistic, and does not take into account Gladstone’s practical, political nature. There is an obvious practical angle for Gladstone’s participation in the Bulgarian Agitation: propping up a declining Ottoman Empire was not a viable long term policy for Britain. The tradition of Palmerstonian foreign policy supported Turkish rule in the East, partially in order to maintain a balance of power in Europe, but mostly as a matter of self-interest: in order to protect trade routes in the Mediterranean. Particularly following the Crimean War, the expansion of a hostile Russia would have been detrimental to British trade and to British power and influence within Europe. In the short term a strong Turkey would act as an efficient barrier to Russian expansion, but th e Ottoman Empire had become increasingly corrupt and weak; the Bulgarian uprising and subsequent massacre was not the only such occurrence. Moreover, overtly supporting the Ottomans would anger the Dreikaiserbund of Germany, Austria-Hungary and Russia: although it was best not to allow the alliance of these three countries to grow too powerful, neither was it sensible to pursue a policy of mindless support for the Turks whose influence was already declining. Prior to the confirmation of the truth of the massacres, Disraeli, advised by the pro-Turkish British ambassador Elliot, had made moves towards supporting the Turks against Russia, and even went so far as to dismiss the rumours of the massacres as ‘coffee house babble’. In sabotaging Disraeli’s policy by stirring up public opinion, Gladstone effectively limited the options open to the prime minister and possibly prevented him from forming a dangerous alliance with Turkey. Furthermore, it has been suggested that Gladstone in fact saw a better solution to the problem of Russian expansion than bolstering Turkey. From his attitudes towards Italy it is clear that Gladstone favoured nationalism, and believed that all people had the right to national self-determination. Blake claims that Gladstone was ‘hostile to any sort of forward policy’14, an unnecessarily harsh statement from the pro-Disraeli biographer: in fact, in supporting nationalism, Gladstone proposed a solution ahead of his time. The creation of Balkan states was the solution used in 1935 to contain Russia, but it would have been equally applicable here. It could be argued that Gladstone was contradicting Disraeli’s policy because he could see a flaw in the reasoning. It is evident from his pamphlet that he wanted the Turks removed from Bulgaria, but further to this, Magnus claims that ‘he repeatedly urged that the matter should be taken out of Russian hands’15 and that this was a solution more ‘realistic’16 than Disraeli’s. Ever politically expedient, Gladstone intended to attack British support of the Turks as well as advocating Russian containment, reasserting the balance of power in Europe. Of course, it is entirely possible that Gladstone was simply launching a direct attack on the policies of the government without any real moral or religious reasoning. A response not born out of righteous indignation or passionate sympathy for the suffering of the Bulgarians but of an attempt to make the government appear weak or badly led would explain his delay in joining the Agitation. Gladstone’s particular rivalry with Disraeli would have provided motive enough for such an attack: the two men held the greatest contempt for each other, stemming from the repeal of the Corn Laws and the split of the Conservative party in 1846. Although their practical aims were often remarkably similar in foreign affairs, their ideologies differed vastly and each held the other’s principles in utter contempt. It would not be beyond the bounds of rational thought to assume that in sabotaging Disraeli’s policy the only thing that Gladstone intended to do was to make him look like a fool. It could be argued that even in this there was a religious motivation. Disraeli’s Jewish background has led to the suggestion that his anti-Russian foreign policy had more to do with anti-Christian feeling. Feuchtwanger claims that Gladstone was aware of this and distrusted Disraeli for it: ‘all his deep suspicions about Disraeli were aroused; he now even suspected him of being influenced by Judaic sympathy for the Turks and hatred of Christians’17, although Blake dismisses such suspicions as ‘absurd’18. At a stretch, the poor relationship of the two politicians could also be said to have its roots in their differing religious views. Gladstone may have resented Disraeli’s conversion from Judaism to Christianity, which could be interpreted as only having been undertaken for social gain and not true faith. Shannon suggests that Gladstone’s return to the political arena could have been for selfish reasons; that he wanted to restore his ‘bond of moral rapport with the ‘masses†19 and adds that ‘it was less a case of Gladstone exciting popular pressure than popular pressure exciting Gladstone’20: rather than Gladstone carefully crafting his attack on Disraeli, he merely saw an opportunity to join ‘the virtuous passion’21 sweeping the nation and manipulate it to his advantage. Again, this would explain the delay between the beginning of the Agitation and Gladstone’s involvement. His action in publishing the pamphlet drew him back to the forefront of political life, and his continuing focus on the Midlothian campaign throughout the next four years was an important factor in ensuring his re-election as Prime Minister in 1880. Many historians agree with Shannon’s interpretation that Gladstone wanted to ‘reforge his links with†¦.mass audiences’22, but disagree on the reasoning for this. Shannon and Blake are both of the opinion the Gladstone simply seized upon the opportunity to ‘take part in†¦a moral crusade’23 in an attempt to inject himself back into the contemporary political field. Although the consequences of his action suggest that this is a realistic motive, and that he could have chosen to speak out against Disraeli to ensure his own self-advancement, this does seem unlikely considering Gladstone’s character; Blake’s portrayal of Gladstone is excessively negative, probably due to his pro-Disraeli sentiments. The perhaps more reliable Jenkins contradicts these claims of intervention for self-advancement, as ‘It did not follow that what he did was contrived for his own convenience’24 and claiming that he ‘was driven on Bulgaria by the same sort of elemental force which had seized him at the time of his Neapolitan pamphlets’25. This is a far more accurate judgement given the evidence: Gladstone constantly looked to his moral principles in seeking to do what was best for Britain and for Europe, and it seems unlikely that he would have stirred up such a commotion merely to return himself to the forefront of political affairs. Shannon states that Gladstone’s ‘first love had been the Church, and to the Church he remained ever faithful’26, but despite the politician’s overt Christianity historians are unable to agree on the extent to which his religion impacted his policies. In terms of his reaction to the Bulgarian Atrocities alone, numerous theories have been put forward as to the cause: his animosity towards Disraeli, his strong belief in nationalism, a wish to unite with the masses protesting a cause. Although these theories are superficially disparate, a closer examination reveals that they are all underpinned by Gladstone’s strong sense of morality. This morality caused him to reject Disraeli’s policies as unprincipled, to campaign for the creation of the Balkan states and to view Europe as a spiritual community that Britain had an obligation to protect and preserve. Ultimately, Gladstone’s politics were motivated by morality; a morality derived from his fundamental, unwavering religious beliefs.    1 Blake, R., Disraeli, St. Martin’s, 1967, p.602 2 Shannon, R.T., Gladstone and the Bulgarian Agitation 1876, Nelson, 1963, p.110 3 Abbot, B.H., Gladstone and Disraeli, Collins, 1986, p.95 4 5 Shannon, R.T., Gladstone and the Bulgarian Agitation 1876, Nelson, 1963, p.4 6 Shannon, R.T., Gladstone and the Bulgarian Agitation 1876, Nelson, 1963, p.5 7 Magnus, P., Gladstone, Penguin Books, 2001, p.240 8 Jenkins, R., Gladstone, Macmillan, 2002, p.401 9 Abbot, B.H., Gladstone and Disraeli, Collins, 1986, p.22 10 Magnus, P., Gladstone, Penguin Books, 2001, p.239 11 Feuchtwanger, E.J., Gladstone, British Political Biography, 1975, p.183 12 Jenkins, R., Gladstone, Macmillan, 2002, p.404 13 Feuchtwanger, E.J., Gladstone, British Political Biography, 1975, p.13 14 Blake, R., Disraeli, St Martin’s, 1967, p.760 15 Magnus, P., Gladstone, Penguin Books, 2002, p.241 16 Ibid. 17 Feuchtwanger, E.J., Gladstone, British Political Biography, 1975, p.181 18 Blake, R., Disraeli, St Martin’s, 1967, p.600 19 Shannon, R.T., Gladstone and the Bulgarian Agitation, 1876, Nelson, 1963, p.13 20 Ibid. p.110 21 Ibid. p.107 22 Jenkins, R., Gladstone, Macmillan, 2002, p.406 23 Blake, R., Disraeli, St Martin’s, 1967, p.600 24 Jenkins, R., Gladstone, Macmillan, 2002, p.401 25 loc. cit. 26 Shannon, R.T., Gladstone and the Bulgarian Agitation 1876, Nelson, 1963, p.3